ANALISIS HISTORIS KRITIS TERHADAP KEINGINAN DAN DOA MUSA ATAS TANAH PERJANJIAN (ULANGAN 3:23-29)

Abstract

This study examines, through a historical-critical approach, Moses’ desire and prayer regarding the Promised Land in Deuteronomy 3:23–29. It is grounded in the significance of the Promised Land concept within Old Testament theology and the theological problem arising from God’s rejection of Moses’ request. The aim of this research is to understand the theological, historical, and narrative meanings of Moses’ prayer and its implications within the framework of Deuteronomistic theology. This study employs a qualitative approach through library research (exegesis), integrating historical-critical, narrative, and theological analyses of the Hebrew Bible text and relevant scholarly literature. The findings indicate that this pericope has a dialogical structure presenting Moses’ petition, God’s firm rejection, and the affirmation of leadership transition to Joshua. Moses’ prayer reflects an intimate relationship with God while also expressing a deeply personal human longing. However, God’s rejection underscores divine sovereignty that cannot be negotiated, even by a great leader. A key finding of this study is the tension between human will and divine sovereignty, as well as the understanding of the Promised Land as a theological symbol that is collective and transgenerational. Furthermore, this study affirms that prayer does not always result in fulfillment but serves as a means of relational faith with God. In conclusion, Deuteronomy 3:23–29 not only reflects a historical event but also contains profound theological reflections on obedience, leadership, and the fulfillment of God’s promises. This study contributes to enriching Old Testament theological studies through an integrative and holistic approach.