PERGESERAN PERAN GURU DARI PENGAJAR MENJADI FASILITATOR PEMBELAJARAN ABAD 21 DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN KETERAMPILAN 4C

Abstract

Education in the 21st century demands a fundamental change in how teachers carry out their profession. Teachers are no longer positioned as the single source of knowledge who transmit information through lectures, but are expected to act as facilitators who guide students toward independent and meaningful learning. This shift is closely tied to the need to develop 4C skills, namely critical thinking, creativity, communication, and collaboration, which are considered essential competencies for students to survive and compete in a rapidly changing era. This article aims to examine the shift in the teacher's role from instructor to facilitator and its relation to the development of 4C skills in 21st century learning. The method used is a literature study, drawing on relevant books, journal articles, and policy documents published mostly in the last ten years. The findings show that the facilitator role appears in several forms, among others as a learning designer, a guide in the discovery process, a motivator, and a manager of collaborative learning environments. This role change requires teachers to master pedagogical, technological, and social competencies at the same time. The article concludes that a successful shift toward the facilitator role depends on adequate training, supportive school policy, and the teacher's own willingness to change their teaching paradigm.