NETIZEN: JOURNAL OF SOCIETY AND BUSSINESS
NETIZEN: JOURNAL OF SOCIETY AND BUSSINESS adalah jurnal yang menerbitkan artikel penelitian yang mencangkup multidisiplin, yang meliputi; Humaniora dan ilmu sosial, ilmu politik kontemporer, ilmu pendidikan, psikologi, ilmu agama dan filsafat, ilmu teknik, bisnis dan ekonomi, Koperasi, teknologi, ilmu kesehatan, ilmu kedokteran, pengembangan SDM, ilmu seni desain dan media, komunikasi, pertanian, perhutanan dan ilmu-ilmu lainnya. NETIZEN: JOURNAL OF SOCIETY AND BUSSINESS diterbitkan sebulan sekali dalam setahun, jurnal peer-review, dan mengkhususkan diri dalam penelitian lapangan dan kajian referensi yang berkaitan dengan multidisiplin keilmuan. Jurnal ini mengundang para cendekiawan dan pakar yang bekerja di semua disiplin ilmu. Artikel harus asli, berbasis penelitian lapangan dan literatur, tidak dipublikasikan dan tidak sedang dalam peninjauan untuk kemungkinan publikasi di jurnal lain. Semua makalah yang dikirimkan tunduk pada tinjauan editor, dewan redaksi, dan peninjau buta. Kiriman yang melanggar pedoman kami tentang pemformatan atau panjangnya akan ditolak tanpa peninjauan.
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF DIGITALIZATION FOR POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM RELIABILITY INDEX: DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A DEV C++
PT PLN (Persero) is the state-owned company responsible for electricity supply in Indonesia, with a key mandate to ensure reliable power distribution that meets established service quality standards. This study aims to analyze outage events as a basis for reducing blackout frequency and minimizing customer complaints. Improved reliability not only decreases service interruptions but also enhances system efficiency and optimizes energy transfer. The research employs a qualitative approach by analyzing reliability indices, specifically SAIDI (System Average Interruption Duration Index) and SAIFI (System Average Interruption Frequency Index), supported by the development of an application using the C programming language, known for its simplicity, flexibility, and widespread use. The findings show that SAIDI analysis provides insights for improving subsystems, including components and equipment, while SAIFI highlights opportunities to enhance operational procedures for outage management and repair acceleration. The calculation results indicate that in 2022, the average SAIDI was 3.9152 hours/customer/year, and the average SAIFI was 0.0896 interruptions/customer/year. These results demonstrate the potential of integrating digital tools to strengthen strategic reliability management in power distribution systems.
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IMPLEMENTATION OF INNOVATION STRATEGY MANAGEMENT FOR DEVELOPING THE ELECTRIC VEHICLE ECOSYSTEM
This study aims to analyze the application of innovation strategy management in the development of the electric vehicle (EV) ecosystem in Indonesia, using a technical case study of Lithium Polymer (LiPo) battery testing at the PT PLN Nusantara Power Muara Karang public charging station (SPKLU). Experimental results demonstrated that a BLDC motor powered by a 54.6 V 40 Ah LiPo battery could operate efficiently, providing an energy capacity of approximately 2,184 Wh. The charging process from a State of Charge (SOC) of 33% to 99% required 5 hours and 20 minutes with a 5 A current, while the charging temperature ranged from 28.2 °C to 41.6 °C, remaining within the safe operating limits (–5 °C to 45 °C). Discharge testing under average load currents of 2.6 A and 3.7 A indicated operating times of approximately 8 hours and 7 hours, respectively, , effective Battery Management Systems (BMS), and safe thermal characteristics are critical enablers for EV adoption. Furthermore, accelerating the EV ecosystem in Indonesia requires strengthening battery research, advancing fast-charging infrastructure, implementing innovative business models, and ensuring multi-stakeholder synergy. with battery voltage decreasing proportionally with SOC reduction. These technical findings were further interpreted through the lens of innovation strategy management, encompassing technological innovation, business model adaptation, regulatory support, and cross-sector collaboration. The results highlight that reliable battery performance
PENDEKATAN HUKUM KESEHATAN YANG SENSITIF BUDAYA DALAM MEMBANGUN KEPERCAYAAN ANTARA PASIEN DAN TENAGA MEDIS UNTUK MENINGKATKAN EFEKTIVITAS PELAYANAN DAN MENGURANGI KONFLIK DI INDONESIA: KAJIAN PUSTAKA
This study examines culturally sensitive approaches to health law in building trust between patients and medical personnel as a means of improving service effectiveness and reducing conflict in Indonesia. Given Indonesia's highly diverse cultural background, a purely normative approach to law that does not take cultural values into account often presents obstacles to health services. This literature review examines various health regulations, legal principles, and literature related to cultural sensitivity and how its application can strengthen communication, trust, and cooperation between patients and medical personnel. The results of the study show that the integration of culture into health law policies and practices is essential to creating inclusive, humane, and equitable services. This approach also plays a role in reducing disputes and conflicts that arise due to differences in cultural values in healthcare services.
PENYESUAIAN HUKUM NASIONAL INDONESIA TERHADAP KONVENSI PBB ANTI-KEJAHATAN SIBER 2024: KAJIAN PUSTAKA TENTANG HARMONISASI UU ITE DAN KUHP UNTUK PENGUATAN PENANGANAN KEJAHATAN SIBER LINTAS NEGARA
Cross-border cybercrime is on the rise and poses a serious threat to national and global security. In 2024, the United Nations adopted the Anti-Cybercrime Convention as an international legal instrument to regulate the criminalisation of cybercrime, cooperation mechanisms, and the protection of human rights in the handling of cybercrime. Indonesia, as a country with a high level of internet penetration, faces the challenge of adjusting its national laws to be in line with the provisions of the convention. This study uses a normative legal method with a legislative and comparative law approach to analyse the harmonisation of the Electronic Information and Transaction Law (EIT Law) and the Criminal Code (KUHP) with the 2024 UN Convention on Cybercrime. The results of the study show that adjustments to substantive and procedural rules, strengthening international cooperation mechanisms, and protecting human rights in the ITE Law and the Criminal Code are essential to improve the effectiveness of handling complex cross-border cybercrime. This harmonisation of national laws is key for Indonesia to strengthen its legal framework in facing the threat of cybercrime while playing an active role as part of the international legal order.
PENETAPAN KAIDAH HUKUM BARU MELALUI YURISPRUDENSI: ANALISIS PUTUSAN KONTEMPORER TENTANG SENGKETA TATA USAHA NEGARA, PEMBAGIAN WARIS BEDA AGAMA, DAN INOVASI PERLINDUNGAN HAK DIGITAL SERTA GENDER DALAM PERKARA PIDANA DAN PERDATA - KAJIAN PUSTAKA
This study discusses the role of jurisprudence as a dynamic source of law in establishing new legal rules in Indonesia. The focus of the study is directed at analysing contemporary decisions related to administrative disputes, interfaith inheritance, and innovations in digital and gender rights protection in criminal and civil cases. Through a literature review method, this study describes how judges, through their critical decisions, contribute to the formation of legal norms that are responsive to social, cultural, and technological developments and the need for substantive justice. The results of the study show that jurisprudence is capable of filling regulatory gaps and encouraging more inclusive and progressive legal transformation, both in the context of strengthening good governance, respecting religious plurality, protecting digital rights, and promoting gender equality. This study emphasises the importance of jurisprudence as a vital instrument of legal reform to respond to the dynamics of modern society and build an adaptive and just national legal system
TANTANGAN HARMONISASI REGULASI DIGITAL DI INDONESIA: PERBEDAAN KERANGKA HUKUM NASIONAL DAN INTERNASIONAL SERTA KETERBATASAN SUMBER DAYA DALAM AKSELERASI SINKRONISASI
The rapid development of digital technology requires harmonisation of regulations between national and international legal frameworks so that Indonesia can keep pace with global dynamics while maintaining domestic regulatory sovereignty. This study examines the challenges of digital regulatory harmonisation in Indonesia, focusing on the differences in substance and legal mechanisms between national regulations and international standards, as well as the limitations of resources in terms of human resources, technological infrastructure, and institutions that hinder the acceleration of regulatory synchronisation. The research method used is a legal-normative literature review. The results reveal that legal framework disparities remain significant, particularly in personal data protection, fintech, and cybersecurity, compounded by limited resource capacity, which slows down regulatory harmonisation. This study recommends regulatory reform through increased human resource capacity, digital infrastructure development, and improved institutional coordination as key strategies for accelerating digital regulatory harmonisation in Indonesia. With these steps, Indonesia can increase its competitiveness and trust in the global digital ecosystem without sacrificing national legal sovereignty.
PENGARUH BUDAYA PASIEN TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN PENYAKIT DAN PENGOBATAN: IMPLIKASI HUKUM KESEHATAN RUMAH SAKIT DALAM MENGAKOMODASI PERBEDAAN BUDAYA UNTUK PENINGKATAN PELAYANAN
This study aims to examine the influence of patient culture on their understanding of disease and treatment, as well as the implications of hospital health law in accommodating cultural differences to improve the quality of health services. Patient culture includes beliefs, values, language, and traditional practices that significantly shape perceptions and responses to treatment received. This study uses a literature review method with a descriptive-analytical approach to health law, patient culture, and hospital service literature. The results show that a lack of cultural sensitivity in healthcare services has the potential to cause misunderstandings, treatment refusal, and the risk of treatment failure, while also increasing the risk of legal litigation for hospitals. Therefore, hospitals are required to apply the principle of non-discrimination, provide easily understandable information, and develop cultural competence policies and training for medical personnel. Clear legal implications and integrative cultural-legal strategic steps are key to creating inclusive, dignified, and effective healthcare services. This study provides conceptual and practical contributions to the development of culturally responsive healthcare systems in Indonesia and other multicultural countries.
PENGARUH BUDAYA DAN SISTEM SOSIAL MASYARAKAT TERHADAP RUMAH SAKIT SEBAGAI INSTITUSI MEDIS: KAJIAN PUSTAKA TENTANG PENYESUAIAN HUKUM KESEHATAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENERIMAAN LAYANAN KESEHATAN OLEH PASIEN
This study examines the influence of culture and social systems on hospitals as medical institutions and the importance of adjusting health laws to improve patient acceptance of health services. In a pluralistic society, cultural values and social structures are key factors that influence patients' perspectives, attitudes, and behaviour towards medical services. This literature review collects and analyses academic literature, legal regulations, and related case studies to identify the complex relationship between cultural, social, and health law aspects. The results of the study show that understanding and accommodating cultural diversity and social systems through inclusive and adaptive health law adjustments are essential to creating effective, humane medical services and increasing patient satisfaction and trust. This study provides recommendations for policymakers to develop health law regulations that are responsive to cultural and social diversity in order to support more equitable and equitable access to and quality of health services.
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF ECHINODERMATA IN THE SEAGRASS HABITAT OF SANUR BEACH, BALI
This study aims to analyze the community structure of Echinodermata and its relationship with the seagrass ecosystem at the study site. Echinodermata are an important group of organisms in the seagrass ecosystem because they act as nutrient recyclers and detritus feeders, helping maintain ecosystem balance. The study was conducted using the quadrat transect method, observing the types and abundance of Echinodermata as well as seagrass cover, while also measuring water quality parameters such as temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen (DO). The results showed the presence of several species of Echinodermata, with diversity and dominance varying between stations. In addition, a positive relationship was found between the abundance of Echinodermata and seagrass cover as well as water quality, indicating that healthy and high-quality seagrass beds support a more abundant and diverse Echinodermata community. This study emphasizes the importance of conserving and managing seagrass ecosystems as habitats and sources of livelihood for Echinodermata and for maintaining the ecological functions of coastal areas.
ETOS KERJA KRISTEN DALAM BUDAYA PERKANTORAN DENGAN PERSPEKTIF TEOLOGI DAN SOSIOLOGI KRISTEN DI FAKULTAS TEOLOGI
A Christian work ethic is an important aspect in shaping an office culture rooted in faith values ​​while addressing the demands of modern professionalism. This article aims to analyze the Christian work ethic in the context of office culture at the Faculty of Theology through the perspectives of Christian theology and sociology. The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a library study method, namely reviewing relevant literature related to work ethic, service management, and institutional culture. The results of the analysis indicate that the Christian work ethic is understood as a call of faith that integrates work with the dimensions of worship and service to God. From a Christian sociological perspective, office culture is seen as a space for social interaction that must be built on the basis of solidarity, love, and justice. The integration of theological values ​​​​and professionalism shows that work is not only a means to achieve targets, but also a manifestation of faith testimony. The main implication of the implementation of the Christian work ethic is the formation of the institutional identity of the Faculty of Theology that emphasizes integrity, service, and social transformation. Thus, the Christian work ethic becomes a moral and spiritual foundation that strengthens the role of the Faculty of Theology as an agent of renewal in the world of higher education.
The phenomenon of female smokers in Indonesia has become an increasingly complex social issue in line with cultural changes and globalization. Smoking behavior among women is no longer simply viewed as a habit that negatively impacts health, but is also related to self-image, social identity, and cultural dynamics. This study aims to examine how women's image is shaped through smoking behavior, taking into account internal factors, the environment, social stigma, and changes in cultural perceptions. The research method used a qualitative approach with a literature review of various journal sources, theses, and recent research results. The results of the study indicate that internal factors such as emotional drives, psychological needs, and self-identity negotiation play a significant role in encouraging women to smoke. Meanwhile, environmental factors such as family, peers, and media representation also strengthen or weaken this behavior. Although the social stigma against female smokers remains strong, especially in traditional societies, modernization has opened up space for more diverse self-image negotiations. This phenomenon demonstrates that female smokers are in an ambivalent position: on the one hand, they are considered deviant, on the other, they are seen as a symbol of freedom and gender equality. This study emphasizes that the issue of female smokers needs to be viewed not only from a health perspective, but also from a social, cultural, and psychological perspective.
ANALISIS USABILITY ADOBE PHOTOSHOP DAN CORELDRAW DALAM PROSES DESAIN GRAFIS MENGGUNAKAN METODE SUS PADA SISWA DKV
This research aims to determine and compare the usability levels between two graphic design software, namely Adobe Photoshop and CorelDRAW, based on the perceptions of Visual Communication Design students. The research method used is quantitative with a survey approach utilizing the System Usability Scale (SUS) instrument. The research respondents consist of 60 students, with 30 users of Adobe Photoshop and 30 users of CorelDRAW. Data analysis was performed through validity and reliability testing of the instrument. The validity test results indicate that 10 item statements are valid for Adobe Photoshop and 10 valid items for CorelDRAW. The reliability test using Cronbach’s Alpha yielded values of 0.603 for Adobe Photoshop and 0.633 for CorelDRAW. From the Excel testing, the average usability score for Adobe Photoshop is 50.5 and for CorelDRAW is 52.08, both of which fall within the “sufficient” (OK usability) category. Based on the results, it can be concluded that both software have a relatively equal level of usability according to user perception.
PREDIKSI FINANCIAL DISTRESS DENGAN MODEL ALTMAN DAN ZMIJEWSKI
This study aims to analyze the prediction of financial distress in all non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2021–2023 period using the Altman Z-Score Model and the Zmijewski Model, as well as to compare the predictive accuracy of the two models. Financial distress is a condition in which a company experiences financial difficulties that may lead to bankruptcy. This research employs a quantitative approach with a descriptive method. A total sample of 250 companies was determined using stratified random sampling and analyzed with the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test, along with prediction accuracy testing using the bootstrapping method. The results indicate a significant difference between the Altman and Zmijewski models in predicting financial distress. Furthermore, the Zmijewski model demonstrates a higher predictive accuracy of 95.1% compared to 89.6% for the Altman model. These findings are expected to provide both theoretical and practical contributions, particularly in decision-making processes for company management, investors, and creditors.
ANALISIS KINERJA KEUANGAN PADA CV ITHSAN INFOTIKA
This research aims to determine financial performance in terms of activity performance and company profitability. This research is descriptive research with data collection techniques using documentation and interview techniques. The data analysis instrument used is financial ratios including total asset turnover ratio, inventory turnover, gross profit margin, operating profit margin, net profit margin, return on assets. The results of the analysis show that financial performance in terms of activity for inventory turnover ratio is classified as good, while in terms of total asset turnover ratio it is classified as poor. In terms of financial performance, profitability for less than good gross profit margin ratios is classified as good. Furthermore, the operational profit margin ratio is included in the poor category. The net profit margin ratio is included in the good category and the Return On Assets ratio is included in the good category.
PEMBUATAN PLANG JALAN DAN PENAMBAHAN PAPAN NAMA GAPURA SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN IDENTITAS DAN AKSEBILITAS DI KAMPUNG MANDIRI JAYA
Village Mandiri Jaya is located in Wania District in Mimika regency which faces limited means of identity and information from the public in the form of road signs and gate signboards. This condition causes low accessibility of the community and navigation difficulties for newcomers as well as the weak image of the village as a regional identity. Through the kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) program which focuses on community service, STIE Jambatan Bulan Timika students together with the village and local residents carry out activities to make road signs at strategic points and add signage to the Village Gate. The method of activity used is field observation to identify problems, discussion and coordination with the village and the community, training and technical briefing, implementation of mutual cooperation with the village and the community, up to the evaluation and reporting stage. The results of the activity showed an increase in village identity, ease of access, and regularity of space. In addition to producing physical outputs in the form of road signs and gate signage, this program also provides a social impact in the form of increased participation and a sense of community ownership of the environment. This activity proves that collaboration between universities, village parties, and community members can strengthen the identity of the region and become a model for sustainable service.
IMPLEMENTASI NILAI-NILAI PANCASILA DAN TRANSFORMASI DIGITAL DALAM PENGUATAN KEDAULATAN EKONOMI INDONESIA
This study discusses the implementation of Pancasila values and digital transformation as a strategy to strengthen Indonesia's economic sovereignty. Pancasila values such as social justice, mutual cooperation, unity, and independence are the philosophical foundation for building an inclusive, just, and sovereign economic system. Digital transformation offers significant opportunities to accelerate economic inclusion, expand market access, and enhance national competitiveness while upholding the nation's noble values. Through a literature review, this study reveals how the integration of Pancasila values in the utilisation of digital transformation contributes to creating an independent and sustainable Indonesian economy, while rejecting foreign economic dominance. The results of the study emphasise the importance of collaboration between the government, the private sector, and the community in building a fair and equitable digital ecosystem for the welfare of all Indonesians.
DILEMA PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM: KETERBATASAN EFEKTIVITAS PRODUK HUKUM DAERAH DALAM MENJAMIN HAK-HAK MASYARAKAT ADAT
This study discusses the dilemma of legal protection for indigenous peoples in Indonesia that has arisen due to the limited effectiveness of regional legal products in guaranteeing their rights. Although a number of regional legal products have been issued as an effort to recognise and protect them, their implementation has often failed to provide substantial and sustainable protection. The main obstacles identified include overlapping authority between the central and regional governments, complex bureaucracy, political and economic pressures, and a lack of regulatory harmonisation. These conditions result in legal uncertainty that is detrimental to indigenous peoples, particularly in relation to the recognition of customary territories, land rights, and cultural preservation. Through a literature review, this study outlines the national legal framework and local legal products, and examines the limiting factors and real implications for the rights of indigenous peoples. The results of the study emphasise the importance of policy harmonisation, synergy between governments, and strengthening the national legal framework to improve the effectiveness of legal protection and ensure social justice for indigenous peoples.
BADAN PENGELOLA INVESTASI DAYA ANAGATA NUSANTARA: BADAN HUKUM BARU DALAM INVESTASI BUMN DI ERA UU NO. 1 TAHUN 2025
This study discusses the Daya Anagata Nusantara Investment Management Agency (BPI Danantara) as a new legal entity in the management of state-owned enterprises (BUMN) investments in the era of Law No. 1 of 2025. BPI Danantara was established to integrate the management of SOE assets and investments in a professional, transparent, and accountable manner to support sustainable national economic development. This study uses a literature review method by analysing regulations, academic literature, and official documents to explore the concept, position, and impact and challenges of implementing BPI Danantara. The research findings indicate that BPI Danantara plays a strategic role as a national investment management centre that combines the principles of good corporate governance with effective mobilisation of state assets. However, the success of this institution depends on its ability to manage risks, enhance managerial capacity, and ensure independence and transparency in decision-making. This study provides recommendations for strengthening regulations and institutional capacity so that BPI Danantara can contribute maximally to accelerating economic transformation and the management of state-owned enterprise investments.
Badan Pengelola Investasi Daya Anagata Nusantara
OPTIMALISASI SUBSIDI PEMERINTAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEADILAN AKSES LAYANAN KESEHATAN BAGI MASYARAKAT KURANG MAMPU: TINJAUAN ATAS PROGRAM BPJS KESEHATAN 2025
The government subsidy programme in BPJS Kesehatan in 2025 has a strategic role in improving equitable access to health services for the poor in Indonesia. Through the Contribution Assistance Recipient (PBI) scheme, the government is trying to remove financial barriers that have been one of the main obstacles for vulnerable groups in accessing health services. However, the effectiveness of these subsidies still faces significant obstacles, such as low accuracy of beneficiary data, administrative complexity, budget constraints, health infrastructure disparities, low public health literacy, cultural barriers, weak inter-agency coordination, and limitations in information technology for data management. These obstacles not only reduce the accuracy of subsidy distribution but also affect the quality of services received by participants. Evaluations indicate that optimising subsidies cannot rely solely on expanding coverage but requires systemic reforms encompassing improved governance, strengthened infrastructure, modernised information systems, and community empowerment through comprehensive education. Adaptive policy approaches, rigorous oversight, and collaboration among stakeholders are key to delivering effective, sustainable, and targeted subsidies. With these strategic steps, it is hoped that the government's goal of achieving social justice in the health sector can be achieved, while ensuring the sustainability of BPJS Kesehatan as one of the pillars of national health insurance.
PRINSIP TATA KELOLA DAN PERUBAHAN PARADIGMA PENGELOLAAN BUMN DALAM UU NO. 1 TAHUN 2025
This study discusses the principles of governance and paradigm shifts in the management of State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) based on Law No. 1 of 2025. This law is a milestone in the reform of SOE management, shifting the old bureaucratic paradigm towards a modern corporate model that is professional, efficient, and accountable. The governance principles emphasise transparency, accountability, independence, and fairness as the foundation for carrying out the business and social functions of SOEs. The separation of SOE finances from the State Budget (APBN) and the recognition of SOEs as private legal entities require more professional management with the state acting as an investor. This study uses a literature review method to analyse the legal, economic, and governance aspects of the law. The findings indicate that this paradigm shift brings new dynamics to SOE management, which is expected to enhance their competitiveness and contribution to sustainable national development. The success of implementation depends on the consistency of regulations, oversight mechanisms, and the professionalism of SOE managers.
OPTIMALISASI HILIRISASI, KETAHANAN PANGAN, DAN REFORMASI FISKAL SEBAGAI PILAR TRANSFORMASI EKONOMI MENUJU INDONESIA EMAS 2045
This study examines the optimal role of downstreaming, food security, and fiscal reform as key pillars in Indonesia's economic transformation towards the Indonesia Emas 2045 vision. Downstreaming is identified as an important strategy to increase the added value of domestic products and promote sustainable industrialisation. Food security is the foundation of national social and economic stability through the provision of sufficient, high-quality, and sustainable food. Meanwhile, fiscal reform ensures the availability of effective policies and financing capacity to support the two pillars through a more efficient and fair taxation system and budget management. This literature review examines various related literature to describe the current conditions, challenges, and opportunities for implementing the three pillars in the context of national economic development. The results of the study emphasise the need for synergy and an integrative approach to the three pillars so that Indonesia can achieve a self-reliant, inclusive, and globally competitive economic transformation by 2045.
ANALISIS URGENSI PENGESAHAN RUU MASYARAKAT ADAT DALAM MENJAMIN KEPASTIAN HAK-HAK MASYARAKAT ADAT DI INDONESIA: KAJIAN PUSTAKA ATAS MANDEKNYA PROSES LEGISLASI HINGGA 2025
This study aims to analyse the urgency of passing the Indigenous Peoples Bill as an important instrument in guaranteeing legal certainty and protecting the rights of indigenous peoples in Indonesia, while also examining the factors that have caused the legislative process to stall until 2025. Using a library research method with a descriptive-analytical qualitative approach, data was obtained from legislation, Constitutional Court decisions, official government documents, reports from non-governmental organisations, and national and international academic literature. The study findings indicate that without a single legal framework, indigenous communities remain vulnerable to land grabs, criminalisation, and marginalisation due to overlapping sectoral regulations. The Indigenous Peoples Bill is of high urgency to integrate legal protection, policy consistency, and alignment with international commitments such as the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP). However, the legislative process is hindered by technical obstacles in drafting the bill, political and economic interests, weak inter-agency coordination, the dominance of industry lobbying, and a lack of effective public support. This study recommends the formation of a solid advocacy coalition, increased public awareness, harmonisation of cross-sectoral regulations, and committed political leadership to accelerate the enactment of this bill for the realisation of social justice and inclusive national development.
STRATEGI TRANSFORMASI EKONOMI NASIONAL: PENGUATAN KEDAULATAN MELALUI HILIRISASI, KETAHANAN PANGAN, DAN REFORMASI FISKAL MENUJU INDONESIA EMAS 2045
This study examines Indonesia's national economic transformation strategy, which focuses on three main pillars, namely downstreaming, food security, and fiscal reform, as efforts to strengthen economic sovereignty towards the vision of Indonesia Emas 2045. Downstreaming plays a role in increasing the added value of natural resources, reducing dependence on raw material exports, and encouraging the creation of globally competitive domestic industries. Food security is the foundation of social and economic stability, ensuring the availability and affordability of food for all citizens on a sustainable basis. Fiscal reform acts as a pillar that guarantees the availability of development financing, provides strategic incentives, and improves state budget management. This study uses a literature review method by analysing relevant academic sources, policy documents, and case studies. The findings indicate that the synergy among these three pillars can significantly strengthen economic sovereignty, enhance national competitiveness, and accelerate the achievement of inclusive and sustainable development. However, various challenges such as infrastructure gaps, climate change, global economic volatility, and suboptimal governance must be addressed through adaptive, collaborative, and evidence-based policies.
ULASAN HUKUM TENTANG EKONOMI SYARIAH TERKAIT KENAIKAN IURAN ASURANSI KESEHATAN BPJS BAGI PESERTA SELAMA KRISIS EKONOMI
This study discusses the legal review of Islamic economics related to the policy of increasing BPJS health insurance contributions for participants during the economic crisis. From an Islamic economics perspective, the formulation of public policy must comply with the principles of justice, benefit, and protection of vulnerable groups, in accordance with the maqashid syariah. The literature review found that the increase in BPJS Health contributions during the crisis, although aimed at covering financial deficits and maintaining programme sustainability, imposes a burden on low-income communities and has the potential to cause harm. In Islamic law, policies that increase economic hardship and are not commensurate with the benefits of services are considered to fall short of the principles of justice and public welfare. Therefore, policy reformulation is necessary to align with Sharia principles, including through optimising subsidies, transparent fund management, and protecting vulnerable participants.
PENENTUAN JUMLAH CAIRAN GLYCOL PADA PROSES DEHIDRASI GAS DI STASIUN PENGUMPUL GMB
In the activities of the Station PT Pertamina Hulu Rokan Regional I Zone 4 Alpa Field uses a separation system to separate fluids and gas. One of them is by using a Dehydration Unit (DHU) in the form of scrubbers, contactors, glycol storage tanks, flash tanks, carbon filters, particular filters, heat exchangers, still columns, reboilers, and accumulators. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that cause glycol losses. The method used in this study is to technically examine the condition of the dehydration device, control the circulation rate and calculate the circulation rate. The DHU system uses the chemical TEG (Triethylene Glycol) which will continue to be added during the dehydration process. The large number of chemical uses is due to the incompatibility of the wet gas inlet with the glycol flow rate in the contactor. In March 2023 the actual flow rate is 12 gallons per minute (GPM) during the regeneration process. Meanwhile, the flow rate obtained from the glycol circulation rate formula only reached 4.39 GPM. This causes frequent losses when contacting the contactor because the incoming circulation rate is not the same as that coming out. The use of glycol per day reaches 9.4 gallons, while the standard losses are only 0.3 gallons. From these results it is known that the difference in the glycol flow rate with the calculation results is that there is an error in the flow rate (pump rate) in the field which results in losses.
BIMBINGAN BAGI ANAK YANG BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS (AUTISME) DI KELAS 1 SEKOLAH DASAR GMIT 03 KALABAHI
This study aims to guide children with special needs, specifically those with developmental disorders or disabilities. This study focused on children with autism spectrum disorders at GMIT 03 Kalabahi Elementary School, specifically in class L. The method used in this study was a qualitative approach using observation, interviews, and documentation techniques. The results indicate that there is a boy who has had autism since birth, characterized by difficulties in communication and social interaction. The guidance provided focuses on strengthening social interactions and developing simple communication skills with consistency and empathy. This study emphasizes the importance of the involvement of teachers, parents, and the school environment in supporting the child’s development. This research is expected to form the basis for developing effective guidance strategies for children with special needs in elementary schools.
Matias Lau Mau Pating, Uriana Mabileti, Norciana Well, Yessy Mata, Petrus Mau Tellu Dony, Antonius A. Saetban
PERAN GURU DALAM MENGIDENTIFIKASI DAN MENANGANI PESERTA DIDIK TUNA CAKAP BELAJAR DI SEKOLAH DASAR UPTD SD NEGERI 3 LAWAHING
The purpose of this research is to examine gifted and disabled students (PWDs) who experience difficulties in understanding and processing academic information despite having average or above-average intellectual abilities. The presence of these students requires special attention and an appropriate approach from teachers. This study aims to describe the role of teachers in identifying and managing gifted and disabled students at the UPTD SD Negeri 3 Lawahing. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with observation, interviews, and documentation techniques. The research findings indicate that teachers play a crucial role in the early identification process through direct observation, informal assessment, and collaboration with parents and school stakeholders. In managing gifted and disabled students, teachers implement individual learning methods, utilize teaching aids, and strengthen student motivation. The conclusion of this study indicates that the active role of teachers significantly influences the success of inclusive education in elementary schools.
Managing Students with Learning Disabilities
Novriani Mautang, Paulus Malaimabi, Petrus Mau Tellu Dony, Yessy Mata, Antonius A. Saetban
BIMBINGAN BAGI ANAK BERPERILAKU BERMASALAH DI SD NEGERI WOLIBANG
The purpose of this research at SD Negeri Woliabang (Woliabang Public Elementary School) is to facilitate positive change by identifying the root causes of behavioral issues, teaching healthy strategies, increasing self-awareness, and developing empathy. The research method used is a qualitative description, including interviews Class III homeroom teacher. The research findings are as follows: 1) The school’s approach to handling students with problematic behavior at SD Negeri Woliabang includes providing guidance, and involving parents and teachers in addressing the issues. The role of the teacher in managing student behavior at SD Negeri Wolibang is highly significant. Teachers consistently assist students in developing their attitudes, identifying their needs, and creating effective solutions for student problems. Teachers also always involve parents when addressing student issues.
Mehelina R. Lebo, Neziah Hinagay, Musa Famau, Yessy Maata, Petrus Mau Tellu Dony
MENDESKRIPSIKAN TENTANG BIMBINGAN BELAJAR BAGI PESERTA DIDIK SD NEGERI WOLIBANG
The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation of tutoring at Wolibang Public Elementary School, especially in Grade 1. This study uses Observation and Interview Methods with a descriptive qualitative approach. This study was conducted at Wolibang Public Elementary School. The informants in this interview were the Grade 1 Homeroom Teachers of Wolibang Public Elementary School. The results of this study indicate that tutoring is implemented in a structured manner in the form of individual and small group activities. The strategies used by teachers include personal and contextual approaches. Obstacles faced include limited time, facilities, and parental support. Nevertheless, students show significant improvements in basic academic skills such as reading and writing. This study emphasizes the importance of tutoring as an integral part of the basic education process.
Lisa Viktoria Malimou, Loriance Tonu Weni, Yessy Mata, Petrus Mau Tellu Dony
MANAJEMEN DAN PENDUKUNG SISTEM BIMBINGAN PESERTA DIDIK DI SD NEGERI WOLIBANG
The purpose of this study is to find out how the structure of the guidance program is implemented in schools and what forms of guidance services are provided by teachers to students at Wolibang State Elementary School. In this interview, the researcher used a qualitative method. Data analysis techniques were carried out by data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. This interview was conducted in Kabola Village, Kabola District. The results of the interview showed that: the guidance program at Wolibang State Elementary School, class III homeroom teachers were directly involved in educating and teaching the students. And the development of the guidance program at Wolibang State Elementary School, class III homeroom teachers provided personal guidance to each student in the form of stages. The homeroom teachers carried out this guidance program structure for the following reasons: (1) the school does not have a guidance teacher so that the class teacher is directly involved in guiding and teaching students (2) Students have different characters due to the influence of environmental and individual factors so that teachers need to provide such guidance (3) the school does not have a guidance program because it uses a high school building, and for the guidance program it is not carried out at all.
Marsalina Malaikari, Lodia Kamengko, Lea Priska Adangdjaha, Yessy Mata, Petrus Mau Tellu Dony, Antonius A. Saetban